Andrea clouard



{No Modem GAZOGENB.

No 594,460 Patented Nov. so, 1897.

UNITED STATES ANDRE oLoUARD,

PATENT OEEICE.

OF CAEN, FRANCE.

GAZOG EN E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 594,460, dated November 30, 189'?.

Application iled November 25, 1895. Serial No. 569,997. (No model.)V Patented in France April 24, 1895, No. 246,795.

To a/ZZ whom it may concern.:

Be it known that I, ANDR CLOUARD, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at Caen, France, have invented certain newv and useful Improvements in Gazogenes, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in France, No. 246,795, dated April 24, 1895,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a new gazogene adapted to transform solid combustibles, especially slack and small coal, into combustible gas containing no tarry substances or hydrocarburets that condense under pressure and ordinary temperature and which may be used for heating` or for the production. of power.

Referring to the drawings which accompany the specication to aid the description, Figure l is a vertical section of one form of the gazogene, and Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the lower part of a modified gazoge'ne.

My gazogene is composed of First, a vertical furnace a., made of refractory material and equipped at its inner parts with recesses or grooves l, 2, 3, and 4, which afford an easy passage to gases which enter into lthe fuel contained in the furnace or which pass out of the same. These grooves may be substituted by conduits arranged around the furnace and communicating therewith by means of suitable openings.

Second, the ash-box b. The fuel is piled up on the bottom of the ash-box or rests on a grate arranged in the lower part of the furnace.

Third, a pipe c, through which the air and steam necessary for the operation of the apparatus are fed, and which communicates with groove 2 and the ash-box b.

Fourth, aV pipe d, connecting the grooves l and 3.

Fifth, a pipe e, connecting with groove 4 and through which the gasesflow olf.

On top of the furnace Ct is arranged a chamberf, divided in its upper part by a partition g.l On onecompartmenth a suitable funnel or hopper for feeding may be arranged, and this compartment serves as a receptacle for the fuel, which, passing underneath the partition g, gradually enters into the furnace a,

as required. The compartmentt' contains a plate 6, to which are connected rods 5 5.' At its upper surface this plate is connected to a rod 7, passing freely through an opening provided in the upper wall of the compartment t'.

The operation of the apparatus as de- /scribed with reference to Fig. l is as follows: When the furnace ct is filled with coke and the fire is started, so as to bring the coke to incandescence, the receptacle h being filled with fuel, a mixture of. air and steam is admitted through the pipe c. Part of this mixture goes downward and enters into the furnace through the ash-box b and part of it goes upward and will enter the furnace through the groove 2. This mixture of air and steam will be decomposed when. coming into contact with the incandescent coke and keep up the combustion. The result is, as in all gazogenes, a mixture of combustible gases formed principally of carbonio oxid, carbonio acid, and of hydrogen and the nitrogen of the' air. Part of the gases thus formed near the groove 2 will pass downward into the furnace and iiow off through pipe e with those gases that are formed in the lower part of the furnace by the combustion of thev coke. Another part of the gases formed near the groove 2 goes upward to groove l and there strikes the layer of fresh coal fed from the receptacle h and passes through the same. This coal is decomposed by the action of the heat of the gases and the radiation of the incandescent coke in several hydrocarburets, some of them in the form of gas, others in the state of vapors or tar, and the balance in the form of coke for the feeding furnace the tar and vapors of hydrocarburets are decomposed into permanent gaseous hydrocarburets and pulverulent carbon, which in their state of formation in contact with the carbonio acid of the :gases form carbon oxid.

ICO

This entire gaseous mixture flows off through pipe c.

During the distillation of the coal near the groove l it softens and thus pieces and dust form a crust and a layer of coke which would prevent the fuel in the receptacle h to drop downward. This disadvantage is removed by crushing from time to time the layer of coke formed, which is effected by means of the rods 5, and to this end the rod 7 is moved up and down by any suitable means.

Fig. 2 shows a modification of Fig. l, which may be used where circumstances require an apparatus of reduced height. This reduced height is obtained by omitting the part of the furnace between grooves 3 and 4. The groove is only provided at the side where the pipe c ends and the grooves 3 and 3' are only provided at two opposite sides of the furnace. The air and steam are admitted through pipe c into groove 2 and into the ash-box I). The gases distilled from the coal pass through pipe (l into the groove 8, from where they pass through the pile of incandescent coke to be transformed into permanent gaseous hydrocarburets in the same manner as in the apparatus shown in Fig. l. The gases flow off through pipe e.

The gazogene shown in Fig. 2 can be provided with a fuel-receptacle an d be equipped with a crusher for the layer of coke similar to that before described; but these parts are not shown in Fig. 2.

Having described my invention and set forth its merits, what I claim isl. In a gazogene, the combination with a vertical furnace, of a iiue for the admission of air and steam communicating with the furnace at two points, one point being at the bottom of the furnace and the other point near the upper part of the furnace below the point where the fuel is fed thereto, a gas-flue communicating at its upper end with the furnace above the point where the air and steam iue communicates therewith at its upper end and at its other end communicating with the furnace between the points of communication of the two ends of the air and steam fiue y therewith, and an exit-fine leading from the furnace between the points of communication of the air and steam flue therewith, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. In a gazogene, the combination with the vertical furnace, of a iue for the admission of air and steam communicating with the furnace at two points, one point being at the bottom of the furnace and the other point near the upper part of the furnace below the point where the fuel is fed thereto, a gas-exit flue leading` from the furnace between the points of communication of the air and steam fine therewith, and a gas-Hue communicating at one end with the furnace above the point where the air and steam flue communicates therewith at its upper end and at its other end communicating with the furnace between the points where the air and steam fine communicates therewith at both ends and above the point where the gas-exit flue communicates therewith, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. In a gazogene, the combination of the vertical furnace, the feed-hopper opening into the same at its upper end and divided centrally by a vertical partition, verticallymovable rods operating in the hopper to one side of the partition and adapted to crush the cake of coke formed at the upper end of the furnace, a ue for the admission of air and steam communicating at one end with the upper portion of the furnace and at the other end with the lower portion of the furnace, a gas-fine communicating at its upper end with the furnace above the point where the upper end of the air and steam flue communicates therewith and at its other'end with the furnace between the points where the two ends of saidflue com municate therewith, and a gas-exit iiue leading from the furnace between the points of communication of the air and steam flue therewith, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 25th day of October, 1895.

ANDR oLoUARD.

Vitnesses:

Vieron MATROU, FRDRIC MATROU. 

